Cataract surgery is a simple operation where the cloudy natural lens is removed from the eye. It is typically replaced with a permanent clear, plastic lens called an intraocular lens (IOL). Because the artificial lens is placed in or near the original position of the removed natural lens, overall vision, depth perception, and image size will not be affected. Artificial lenses usually remain permanently in place, require no maintenance or handling, and are neither felt by the patient nor noticed by others.
Cataract removal is one of the most common operations performed in the United States. It also is one of the safest and most effective types of surgery. Ophthalmologists typically perform Cataract surgery on an outpatient basis in an ambulatory surgical center. They are typically done with topical or local anesthesia, require no stitches, and cause little or no discomfort the patient. After surgery, drops are needed for several weeks to protect against infection and inflammation. Most people are able to return to work within several days.
Types of IOLs
There are a variety of IOLs available and most people are given a choice between a Monofocal IOL, Toric IOL, or Multifocal IOL. Each type restores vision, but in different ways.
- Monofocal IOLs – These are the most common lenses implanted. They have equal power in all areas of the lens. They can provide good distance vision, but typically requireglasses are still needed for up-close vision (i.e., reading, writing) and astigmatism correction. These are considered basic, standard lenses for Cataract surgery.
- Toric IOLs – This type of lens has more power in one specific region in the lens to correct astigmatism as well as distance vision for many individuals. Most people still require glasses for all up-close tasks. Toric IOLs are considered a premium lens implant.
- Multifocal IOLs – This is one of the latest advancements in lens technology. These lenses have a variety of regions with different powers restoring the ability to see at all distances (distance, intermediate, up-close). These lenses can eliminate the need for eyeglasses, reading glasses, bifocals or trifocals after Cataract Surgery. Multifocal IOLs cannot correct astigmatism, however. Common brands of multifocal lenses are Crystalens®, ReSTOR®, ReZoom™ or Tecnis® Multifocal Lens. Multifocal IOLs are considered a premium lens implant.
For most people, the cost of Cataract surgery is partially or completely covered by private insurance or Medicare. While the actual surgery is typically covered, most private insurances and Medicare only cover the cost of basic monofocal IOLs. Patients must pay the additional amount for premium IOLs.
For more information regarding Cataract Surgery:
http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts.asp